India observes constitution day of india, also known as Samvidhan Divas, every year on November 26. This day marks the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1949 by the Constituent Assembly, a momentous event that laid the legal and moral foundation of the Republic of India. The Constitution officially came into force on January 26, 1950, which is celebrated as Republic Day. Constitution Day has since become a key occasion for honoring the nation’s democratic values and the individuals who played a crucial role in shaping the Constitution, particularly Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar, who is celebrated as the architect of India’s Constitution.
The History of Constitution Day
The date of November 26 holds profound historical significance as it marks the day when the Constitution Day of India adopted the final version of the Indian Constitution in 1949. The drafting process, which spanned over 2 years, 11 months, and 17 days, was a monumental effort involving a diverse group of leaders, lawyers, and thinkers. It was headed by Dr. Ambedkar, who played an instrumental role in shaping the document that ensures justice, equality, and liberty for every Indian citizen.
Initially, the day was observed as Law Day in recognition of the legal significance of the Indian Constitution. However, in 2015, the Government of India officially renamed it Constitution Day to emphasize the importance of the Constitution in upholding India’s democratic ideals.
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The Role of Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar
Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar:
A visionary social reformer and legal expert, was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly. His relentless fight for the rights of the marginalized and oppressed sections of society, including Dalits and women, made him an iconic figure in Indian history. Ambedkar’s contributions to the Indian Constitution were pivotal, ensuring that the document guaranteed fundamental rights, social justice, and an inclusive society.
To this day, Dr. Ambedkar’s legacy is celebrated across India, with numerous statues of him located in cities, towns, and villages, often portraying him with a raised hand—a symbol of progress and empowerment. The most recent tribute to his enduring influence is the unveiling of a 7-foot-tall statue at the Supreme Court of India, which will be inaugurated by President Droupadi Murmu on November 26, 2024. This statue, set on a 3-foot base, features Dr. Ambedkar in a lawyer’s attire holding a copy of the Constitution, reinforcing his central role in India’s democratic journey.
Constitution Day Celebrations in 2024
In 2024, Constitution Day will be commemorated with a special ceremony at the Supreme Court of India where the new statue of Dr. Ambedkar will be unveiled. The event will be broadcast live for the nation to witness. Additionally, various programs and discussions on the Constitution, its history, and its significance will take place across the country. In line with this, the Samvidhan@75 conclave organized by NDTV will address key constitutional issues, including the Collegium system for judicial appointments, which has been a subject of debate in recent years.
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Importance of Constitution Day
Constitution Day of India serves as a reminder of the fundamental principles on which the Indian state is based. It encourages citizens to reflect on their rights and duties under the Constitution and the ongoing journey of strengthening democracy in India. The day also provides an opportunity to engage with the Indian Constitution itself, understanding its historical context, its unique features, and its contemporary relevance in addressing challenges such as social inequality, economic justice, and environmental protection.
By celebrating Samvidhan Divas, India reaffirms its commitment to justice, equality, and liberty for all, no matter the caste, creed, gender, or religion. It is a day of national pride, marking India’s transition from colonial rule to self-governance, and honoring the vision of those who worked tirelessly to shape the nation’s democratic structure.
Conclusion
constitution day of india is not just a commemoration of a historical event; it is a celebration of the democratic ideals that continue to guide India’s governance and legal framework. As the nation observes this day, with special emphasis on Dr. Ambedkar’s contributions, it is a moment to reaffirm the values that the Indian Constitution upholds and to ensure that these principles continue to thrive for generations to come. The year 2024 is particularly significant, as the unveiling of Dr. Ambedkar’s statue at the Supreme Court adds a new chapter to the country’s homage to the architect of its Constitution.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Why is Constitution Day celebrated on November 26?
Answer: November 26 marks the day in 1949 when the Constituent Assembly adopted the Indian Constitution. This day is significant as it acknowledges the drafting and adoption of the Constitution that established the democratic framework for India. The Constitution Day also celebrates the contributions of Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar, the Chairman of the Drafting Committee.
2. Why was Law Day renamed to Constitution Day?
Answer: Originally celebrated as Law Day, the day was renamed Constitution Day in 2015 by the Indian government to emphasize the significance of the Indian Constitution as a guiding document for the country’s legal and political system, rather than focusing solely on law as an academic subject.
3. How is Constitution Day celebrated in India?
Answer: Constitution Day is celebrated with various events, discussions, and programs across the country. These often include ceremonies, reading of the Preamble of the Constitution, seminars, and educational activities that focus on understanding the rights and duties enshrined in the Constitution. In 2024, a special event will be held at the Supreme Court of India, where a statue of Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar will be unveiled.
4. What is the connection between Constitution Day and Republic Day?
Answer: While Constitution Day marks the adoption of the Indian Constitution on November 26, Republic Day on January 26 celebrates the day when the Constitution came into effect in 1950. Republic Day marks the formal establishment of India as a republic, with the Constitution as the supreme law of the land.
5. Why is it important to celebrate Constitution Day?
Answer: Constitution Day serves to remind citizens of their rights, duties, and responsibilities under the Constitution. It is an opportunity to reflect on the democratic principles of justice, equality, and liberty that form the bedrock of India’s governance. It also honors the vision of the Constituent Assembly and the individuals, like Dr. Ambedkar, who worked to shape the country’s legal and democratic framework.
